even from the day that the foundation of … It is that "peace" mentioned at the conclusion of Haggai 2:9. 11. in this place . The use of a plural verb here does not militate against the Messianic interpretation, for there are instances in which the verb agrees with the second of two nouns."[14]SIZE>. The final Judgment itself is part of this dispensation just like the Church, both of them standing in the prophecies of events of the "last days." It should be observed that in the first event prophesied here, "the heavens" also are to be shaken. Thus, Haggai applied the analogy we have already discussed under the previous verses. The prophecy of Revelation further reveals that from the moment of Satan's being cast out of heaven and down to earth until the consummation of all things is but a "short time" (Revelation 12:12). To make this read "prosperity" is ridiculous, for the present-day meaning of "prosperity" leaves out of sight all the higher significance of the passage. "I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms ..." This is a summary of human history throughout its entirety. . (1-9) Their sins hindered the work. By the first case, "this people" is not made "holy" by their offerings "there" (namely, on the altar built in the open air, under Cyrus, Ezra 3:3 ); though the ritual sacrifice can ordinarily sanctify outwardly so far as it reaches ( Hebrews 9:13 ), as the "holy flesh" sanctified the "skirt," yet it cannot make the offerers in their persons and all their works acceptable to God, because lacking the spirit of obedience ( 1 Samuel 15:22 ) so long as they neglected to build the Lord's house. "I will shake the heavens and the earth ..." This is repeated from Haggai 2:6 (see notes on that passage), and will be elaborated and expanded in this final outburst of Messianic prophecy. 19. "[26] God surely had intervened in human affairs by the summary end which he had brought to the Babylonian captivity of the Jews; and the prophet here made such an intervention by God upon behalf of his people a prophecy of a far greater shaking of the "heavens and the earth" to occur in the dispensation of the "last times." We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. Vs. 2- Haggai's message was directed to the civic leaders, religious leaders and the people themselves. No! Contrary to what any human could have supposed, the king (Cyrus) of the enslaving power freed them, ordered their return to Palestine and the rebuilding of the house of their God! "In this place ..." As Keil accurately pointed out, "This place is not the temple, but the city of Jerusalem,"[19] from which place the word of the Lord went forth from Mount Zion. is it not in your eyes as nothing?". The sinful nation would have to make some changes before blessings could be bestowed. "In the four and twentieth day of the ninth month, in the second year of Darius, came the word of Jehovah by Haggai the prophet saying.". This is apparently mentioned to indicate that: This passage is "unmistakably Messianic. The reason: the people had not really become "holy" through the token beginning they had made. 7. shake--not convert; but cause that agitation which is to precede Messiah's coming as the healer of the nations' agitations. Speaking of the glory of that first Temple, it must indeed have been a magnificent splendor. "Those things were the punishment of his people for their unfaithfulness (Haggai 2:15-19). "Ask now the priests concerning the law..." "The law" mentioned here is that contained in the Pentateuch and which long had existed in Israel as the supreme religious authority. "This house ..." Haggai did not view the efforts of his generation as the construction of a new Temple, but as the rebuilding of the old one. His prophets had foretold the birth of Christ in Bethlehem. Note also the deduction in Hebrews to the effect that the second "shaking" is to be infinitely more violent than the first, even to the extent of removing the material things that are shaken. The exact passage of the Old Testament that carries the full and exact teaching of that enunciated by the priests in this interview is Numbers 19:11,22, as follows: Apparently, some of the commentators are simply unaware of what God's law surely contains. Haggai 2 Christian Standard Bible (CSB) Encouragement and Promise. ", Zerubbabel stands in this passage as a type of the Messiah; and as "the only son of David" known to the world of that day, Haggai's use of his name is a prophecy that, in time, the "Son of David," who is Christ the Lord would fulfil the prophecy. Judah would continue throughout history. The last three of Haggai's four messages are found in this second chapter (Haggai 2:1-9; Haggai 2:10-19; and Haggai 2:20-13). The fact of Haggai's apparent mingling of the two events is no problem at all. God blesses those who put His house first from holy lives (2:10-14). "[23] This uncleanness would not be easily removed; and therefore the people must not complain of hard times and inconveniences; when they do better, God will more abundantly bless them! Keil construed this as a reference to Sinai and the earthquake that marked the giving of the Law to Moses. Announce this news about God the same yesterday, today, and forever … Continue reading "Commentary on Haggai 1:15b-2:9" The prophet assures them this and all other world powers are to fall before Messiah, who is to be associated with this temple; therefore they need fear naught. He still rides upon our unhappy planet. "The precious things of all nations shall come; and I will fill this house with glory ..." To limit this to the Final Judgment would apply the words to the Holy City coming down out of heaven into which the kings of the earth shall bring their treasure (Revelation 21:21). Is the seed yet in the barn?--implying, It is not. This was allowed to be "holiness." ... for their lips should keep this knowledge, and the people should enquire the law at their mouth, Mal. "Consider, I pray you, from this day and backward, from the four and twentieth day of the ninth month, since the day that the foundation of Jehovah's temple was laid, consider it.". Haggai 2:7. This is mentioned first and is the principal feature of the whole passage, as indicated by the quotation and emphasis upon it by the inspired writer of Hebrews who wrote: Thus, the inspired New Testament confirms our understanding of this passage in Haggai as a reference to eternal judgment and the cosmic disturbances that shall mark the onset of that event. Despite that, it appears that many were expecting God to bless them far more than had been evident in the scanty harvests and hard times through which they were passing. Read Haggai 2 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). . However low their estimate of the present temple ("it") from its outward inferiority, God holds it superior ( Zechariah 4:10 , 1 Corinthians 1:27 1 Corinthians 1:28 ). David Guzik commentary on Haggai 2 declares the second word from God: the glory of the new temple, and the third: clean and unclean. Of particular interest in Haggai's use of "little while" in Haggai 2:6 to describe the entire history of God's dealings with humanity until the end of time, corresponding exactly with the apostle John's use of "little time" to describe the period of human probation ending in the final judgment (Revelation 6:11), and "short time" to describe the period of Satan's operations against mankind (Revelation 12:12). ninth month--three days more than two months from the second prophecy ( Haggai 2:1 ); in the month Chisleu, the lunar one about the time of our December. Godless Russia, possessing three fifths of the resources of the whole world today and unable to feed its population is a classical and current example. Haggai 2:18. Those employed for God may be driven from their work by a storm, yet they must go back to it. how do ye see it now?--God's estimate of things is very different from man's ( Zechariah 8:6 ; compare 1 Samuel 16:7 ). God will shake the heavens and the earth and overthrow all the kingdoms of men, "every one by the sword of his brother." There has hardly been a generation of men upon the earth that did not witness the rise and fall of human kingdoms; and according to Christ this is a situation that will not change (Matthew 24:6-9). when one came to an heap of twenty measures--that is to a heap which he had expected would be one of twenty measures, there were but ten. Regarding this date, Dean wrote, "The ninth month is Chisleu, answering to parts of November and December. (After construction had promptly begun and the outline of the new Temple began to appear.) We may trust God's promise to bless us, though we see no visible sign of its fulfilment ( Habakkuk 2:3 ). "For thus saith Jehovah of hosts: Yet once, it is a little while, and I will shake the heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land; and I will shake all nations; and the precious things of all nations shall come; and I will fill this house with glory, saith Jehovah of hosts.". Copyright © 2021, Bible Study Tools. 2. A note in the Douay Version states: "This promise relates to Christ who was of the race of Zerubbabel. Did that automatically entitle the whole people and the entire land to be counted "holy"? After this appeal to lay to heart the past time during which the blessing had been withheld, Haggai called upon the people in Haggai 2:18 and Haggai 2:19 to fix their eyes upon the time which was commencing with that very day. So-called "modern man" is inclined to reject any view that connects his earthly success with concern for holy religion, but he is profoundly wrong in this. 20. the month--the ninth in the second year of Darius. greater than of the former--namely, through the presence of Messiah, in (whose) face is given the light of the knowledge of the glory of God ( 2 Corinthians 4:6 ; compare Hebrews 1:2 ), and who said of Himself, "in thi s place is one greater than the temple" ( Matthew 12:6 ), and who "sat daily teaching in it" ( Matthew 26:55 ). The ancient covenant that God made with Abraham, promising to bless "all the people of the earth" through his "seed" (singular, which is Christ), will yet be honored by the Father. Let's have none of that nonsense about the time not being ripe; do you suppose the times are ripe for you to live in your nice houses while the house of God lies in ruins ? MAURER translates (omitting vessels, which is not in the original), "purahs," or "wine-measures.". True, there had been a gross misunderstanding on secular Israel's part about what God's blessing meant, most of them interpreting it to mean that God would help them subdue all earthly enemies and incorporate the defeated nations into Israel's "godless state" or "kingdom," which was a concept foreign to God altogether. That kind of a kingdom was their idea, not God's; and, as a consequence, they arrogantly forsook their true religion, rebelled against God, forsook his holy law, and became as reprobate as the heathen; whereupon God destroyed their beloved worldly kingdoms which the people had come to idolize. Affliction will harden the heart, if not referred to God as its author [MOORE]. The seventh head of the great Scarlet Beast shall be succeeded by a period of the "ten horns," the multitude of kingdoms that shall eventually hate all religion. And the priests answered, "It will become unclean." of Similarly, Jesus, the true Messiah, was the true "Son of David," a title held by Zerubbabel only by accommodation. In the second case, regarding the transferability, or contagiousness of defilement, their answer fully conformed to Numbers 19:11,22, but in the first situation, regarding the same quality as applied to holiness, their answer conformed exactly to all situations where the Lord had not spoken; and they declined to make a law where God had not provided one. temple was laid--The first foundation beneath the earth had been long ago laid in the second year of Cyrus, 535 B.C. Each of us must walk in the light we have. Does not this indicate that all of Haggai's prophecy is to take place at some near date in the future from the time he wrote? PLATO [Alcibiades, 2] shows the yearning of the Gentiles after a spiritual deliverer: "It is therefore necessary," says Alcibiades on the subject of acceptable worship, "to wait until One teach us how we ought to behave towards the gods and men." For most glad would I be to see such a man." Despite the fact of the uncleanness in Numbers being a reference to uncleanness caused by a dead body; the principle would of necessity apply to all uncleanness. Also, God's being with the old Israel must be considered as a type and symbol of his being with his church throughout the ages. Amos declared: In this verse is the promise that God meant all he ever said. Ye are disappointed at the absence of these precious metals in the adorning of this temple, as compared with the first temple: If I pleased I could adorn this temple with them, but I will adorn it with a "glory" ( Haggai 2:7 Haggai 2:9 ) far more precious; namely, with the presence of My divine Son in His veiled glory first, and at His second coming with His revealed glory, accompanied with outward adornment of gold and silver, of which the golden covering within and without put on by Herod is the type. "In this place will I give peace, saith Jehovah of hosts ..." In no sense may this be applied to the rebuilt temple; only in Christ is there "peace that passeth understanding." Eugene H. Merrill, An Exegetical Commentary: Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi, pp. Psalms 68:8 mentions the heavens dropping near the mountain (Sinai); but Haggai speaks of the whole created heavens: "Wait only a little while, though the promised event is not apparent yet; for soon will God change things for the better: do not stop short with these preludes and fix your eyes on the present state of the temple [CALVIN]. So "a man of desires," that is, one desired or desirable ( Daniel 9:23 , 10:11 , Margin; Daniel 10:3 , Margin). a signet--( Solomon 8:6 , Jeremiah 22:24 ). (Significantly, Haggai here connected the very class of disasters modern man likes to explain solely upon the basis of "natural causes" as judgmental in character.). Whether he did, or didn't, he faithfully reported God's Word. "Yet once more ..." raises the question of what was the first occasion of God's shaking the earth and the heavens, etc.? This all applies to them as they had been, not as they are now that they have begun to obey; the design is to guard them against falling back again. (v. 2) God’s instructions concerning the message Haggai is to deliver (v. 3-9) God’s message for Zerubbabel, Joshua, and the people (v. 3) God asks three questions (v. 4-5) God’s gives three commands. May the Lord ever bless the study of His Sacred Word! ; and, while we must accept the grammatical logic of this, it could very well be that the translators have been too much influenced by the Septuagint (LXX) in this place. Zerubbabel's significance lies in the fact of his being the only visible heir and successor to David that was known in that age; and the inclusion of the Babylonian governor of Israel in the prophecy meant that God's ancient promise to David of one to sit upon his throne was yet valid, that it still stood, and that "in that day" the new Zerubbabel would appear. (1-11) He promises God's assistance to them. So the spiritual Israel is sealed in their covenant head by His Spirit ( 2 Corinthians 1:20 2 Corinthians 1:22 , Ephesians 1:4 Ephesians 1:13 Ephesians 1:14 ). that saw . 2 On the twenty-first day of the seventh month, the word of the Lord came through the prophet Haggai: 2 “Speak to Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, to the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and to the remnant of the people: 3 ‘Who is left among you who saw this house in its former glory? He brings these objections to applying "the desire of all nations" to Messiah: (1) The Hebrew means the quality, not the thing desired, namely, its desirableness or beauty, But the abstract is often put for the concrete. Commentary on Haggai 2:10-19 (Read Haggai 2:10-19) Many spoiled this good work, by going about it with unholy hearts and hands, and were likely to gain no advantage by it. For example: We reject out of hand the notion that we have in this so-called "pericope" a picture of the making of the Old Testament. An identical expression was used in Revelation 6:11 to indicate the total period of human probation. Be strong (Zerubbabel, Joshua, and people) Work. Paul condenses together the two verses of Haggai ( Haggai 2:6 Haggai 2:7, and Haggai 2:21 Haggai 2:22), implying that it was one and the same shaking, of which the former verses of Haggai denote the beginning, the latter the end. The kingdoms of the world are but the scaffolding for God's spiritual temple, to be thrown down when their purpose is accomplished. The very next verse would point to the true method of its accomplishment. 3Adapted from Carol L. Meyers and Eric M. Meyers, Haggai, Zechariah 1—8, p. xxxi. He will yet bless the true Israel (the spiritual seed of Abraham), making them a blessing to all the earth. "Six hundred talents of gold ($10,000,000.00) were used in overlaying the Holy of Holies alone. As for Zerubbabel's building. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS FOR HAGGAI 1-2. (20-23)1-9 Those who are hearty in the Lord's service shall receive encouragement to proceed. Haggai 2:1-9 . . Ask . In Haggai 1:12-15 we are told that the leaders and people listened and returned to building the temple. In all which points of view the theocratic people, and their representative, Zerubbabel the type, and Messiah his descendant the Antitype, are regarded by God. The expression, "in that day," practically always a reference to the "last times," makes it impossible to refer the words here to the Zerubbabel known to Haggai. Well, that is a very small thing; and holiness is not that contagious! Haggai 2:7. Haggai 2 commentary 1. the *remnant of the people also. It has been already sown this month, and there are no more signs of its bearing a good crop, much less of its being safely stored in the barn, than there were in the past season, when there was such a failure; yet I promise to you from this day (emphatically marking by the repetition the connection of the blessing with the day of their obedience) a blessing in an abundant harvest. "This seventh month was Teshri, the equivalent of our October/November. ii. Haggai 2:10-19 . Home >> Bible Studies >> Haggai >> Haggai 2:1-9 These small group studies of Haggai contain outlines, cross-references, Bible study discussion questions, teaching points, and applications. "If God be for us, who can be against us?" The "there" points to the altar, probably in view of the audience which the prophet addressed. "Every one by the sword of his brother ..." That is the "modus operandi" of the divine will. Then Haggai said, "If one who is unclean from a corpse touches any of these, will the latter become unclean?" Thus, Haggai's "little while" is the same as John's "little time," and "short time." Salem Media Group. The "good tidings of great joy" were "to all people" ( Luke 2:10 ). We’ll read that. Footnotes. Haggai 2:19. Commentary for Haggai 2 . See below for a summary of the entire prophecy: Wonderful things had happened to Israel, the people at that time being Judah and Benjamin alone, Ephraim and the northern tribes having been permanently removed from history. How does one view this? The signet of an Eastern monarch was the sign of delegated authority; so Christ ( Matthew 28:18 , John 5:22 John 5:23 ). You, the Bible, and the Holy Spirit are priority in interpretation. God will again be with you people, if you will only get to work doing your duty. For we saw his star when it rose 6 and have come to worship him.” 3 When King Herod 7 heard this he was alarmed, and all Jerusalem with him. Hitler boasted that his "Third Reich" would last a thousand years, but it perished in blood and fire while Hitler himself was a young man, himself also carried away by its collapse. Charles L. Feinberg discussed this verse as follows: "Moreover, in Hebrew an abstract noun is often used instead of the concrete; thus a reference to the Messiah is not automatically ruled out on the basis of language considerations. He led the people out of slavery; Christ leads men out of sin; he built a temple; Christ built the greater temple of his Church; etc. A very similar thing was done by Malachi who stated that Elijah would come "before the great and notable day of the Lord" (Malachi 4:5), which prophecy had no reference whatever to literal Elijah, dead and buried for centuries, but on the other hand was a prophecy of John the Baptist who would come "in the spirit and power" of Elijah. Greater glory promised to the second temple than to the first. The early patriarchs, Job ( Job 19:25-27 , 33:23-26 ) and Abraham ( John 8:56 ), desired Him. Their prophets warned them, but to no avail. "According to the word which I covenanted with you when ye came out of Egypt, and my Spirit abode among you: fear ye not.". It is competent in exegetical detail of a reformed nature, explaining much in the books, but disappointing … "Speak to Zerubbabel ..." As the "stand in" head of the theocracy, Zerubbabel was a representative of the house of David; and to him the prophet now revealed spiritual blessings, of which the physical and economic blessings already foretold were tokens. But is it any different with any other human state? Arise, and build the Temple! Included in the prophecy are events associated with the age of the gospel and with the Second Advent of Jesus Christ. That Haggai and all of Israel might indeed have had such a notion is true enough; but this passage does not say that. Haggai reproves the Jews for neglecting the temple. Then said Haggai, If one that is unclean by reason of a dead body touch any of these, shall it be unclean? . (2) Messiah was not desired by all nations, but "a root out of a dry ground," having "no beauty that we should desire Him" ( Isaiah 53:2 ). It is no embarrassment at all to us that many of the current liberal interpreters do indeed deny this. violent political convulsions accompanied with physical prodigies ( Matthew 24:7 Matthew 24:29 ). SECOND PROPHECY. His four addresses to the people make up the book that bears his name in the Bible. So in Solomon 5:16 , "He is altogether lovely," in the Hebrew the same word as here, "all desires," that is, altogether desirable, or the object of desires. Gill properly discerned the true "glory" of the Lord's house. The glory of this latter house . Haggai 2, Coffman Commentaries on the Bible, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary, by the leading authority in the Church of Christ, presents a verse level look at the Bible. Get busy! yea, the vine, and the fig-tree, and the pomegranate, and the olive-tree have not brought forth; from this day will I bless you. We have already seen that the true meaning of all that Haggai said was that the glory of Christianity should far outshine the glory of Judaism. One good apple cannot make a barrel of rotten apples good; and your little token of serving God is not nearly enough to entitle you to the presumption of holiness. ? even from the day that the foundation of . God had promised the Messiah "through" them. The whole nation was defiled through their long neglect of sacred duty and the two generations of contact with Babylonian paganism. Thus it will be made evident that the blessing is due to Me, not to nature. In Christ's time God shook the heaven, when He spake from it; the earth, when it quaked; the sea, when He commanded the winds and waves [GROTIUS]. "Through all that time, when one came to a heap of twenty measures, there were but ten; when one came to the winevat to draw out fifty vessels, there were but twenty.". The silver is mine--( Job 41:11 , Psalms 50:12 ). my Spirit remaineth among you--to strengthen you for the work ( Haggai 1:14 , Zechariah 4:6 ). The new Temple, the Church, would far surpass the temples of Jerusalem. Haggai 2 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary has been relied on by millions in their daily studies for more than 90 years Two very different events are in view. "Thus saith Jehovah of hosts: ask now the priests concerning the law, saying, If one bear holy flesh in the skirt of his garment, and with his skirt do touch bread, or pottage, or wine, or oil, or any food, shall it become holy? Haggai 2:20. Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary Haggai 2:13. Through two whole generations of pollution incurred by you in the land of your captivity, you are thoroughly unclean; and nothing but a wholehearted return of the whole remnant (all the returnees) to God, and their diligent service to God continually will really entitle you to God's blessings. Salvation and Judgment are the twin themes of these two Messianic prophecies here and in Haggai 1:1-9. All rights reserved. Some have interpreted the passage to mean that God would topple powers, governments, institutions, and social systems; but that is what he promised to do in Haggai 2:7 (the very next verse), where he declared, "And I will shake all nations!" What they commanded in case (2) was already covered. Haggai 2 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary provides a free-flowing commentary on the entire text of each biblical book, along with background material. . Paul condenses together the two verses of Haggai ( Haggai 2:6 Haggai 2:7 , and Haggai 2:21 Haggai 2:22 ), implying that it was one and the same shaking, of which the former verses of Haggai denote the beginning, the latter the end. A broad view of the human race on earth clearly reveals that the people who have honored God enjoy degrees of earthly prosperity unmatched and even unapproached by anything visible in those lands where paganism still prevails. (10-19) The kingdom of Christ foretold. Haggai 2:20-23 . No indeed. There is scarcely a prophecy of Messiah in the Old Testament which does not, to some extent at least, refer to His second coming [SIR ISAAC NEWTON]. Haggai rebuked his listeners in chapter 1. The Jews, and those in the adjoining nations instructed by them, looked for Shiloh to come unto whom the gathering of the people was to be, from Jacob's prophecy ( Genesis 49:10 ). 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