10. four and twentieth day . to (the time which has elapsed) from the day on which the foundation . This all applies to them as they had been, not as they are now that they have begun to obey; the design is to guard them against falling back again. fill this house with glory--( Haggai 2:9 ). Haggai 2:1-9 And actually, this isn’t all God has to say about his divine presence. The exact passage of the Old Testament that carries the full and exact teaching of that enunciated by the priests in this interview is Numbers 19:11,22, as follows: Apparently, some of the commentators are simply unaware of what God's law surely contains. On the contrary, by the second case, they made "unclean" their very offerings by being unclean through "dead works" (disobedience), just as the person unclean by contact with a dead body imparted his uncleanness to all that he touched (compare Hebrews 9:14 ). . MAURER translates (omitting vessels, which is not in the original), "purahs," or "wine-measures.". We do not need to suppose for a moment that Haggai grasped the full import of God's Word which came through him. So-called "modern man" is inclined to reject any view that connects his earthly success with concern for holy religion, but he is profoundly wrong in this. "This house ..." Haggai did not view the efforts of his generation as the construction of a new Temple, but as the rebuilding of the old one. "For thus saith Jehovah of hosts: Yet once, it is a little while, and I will shake the heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land; and I will shake all nations; and the precious things of all nations shall come; and I will fill this house with glory, saith Jehovah of hosts.". It is no embarrassment at all to us that many of the current liberal interpreters do indeed deny this. Tell this story of a people trying to rebuild their lives and determine where God is in the midst of it. It should be noted here that military terminology dominates this passage: "strength of nations," "chariots," "horses," and "sword." Compare "(let him come) unto Me!" This is the reply: The Jews had been led to fear that these convulsions would destroy their national existence. . A note in the Douay Version states: "This promise relates to Christ who was of the race of Zerubbabel. Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary Haggai 2:13. [5] However, it was not merely the lesser height and volume of the new edifice that attested its inferiority, but the lack of all the extravagant adornment which had distinguished the first. Haggai 2 commentary 1. For we saw his star when it rose 6 and have come to worship him.” 3 When King Herod 7 heard this he was alarmed, and all Jerusalem with him. . His four addresses to the people make up the book that bears his name in the Bible. . "Through all that time ..." Through all the fourteen years after they had returned to Jerusalem to rebuild the Temple, and during which time they had utterly neglected it. Could it be true that all they needed was some good fungicides and hail insurance? "In this place ..." As Keil accurately pointed out, "This place is not the temple, but the city of Jerusalem,"[19] from which place the word of the Lord went forth from Mount Zion. The hard times you people are having are due to your unfaithfulness in not rebuilding the Temple. Not in man's "might," but in that of God's Spirit ( Zechariah 4:6 ). David Guzik commentary on Haggai 2 declares the second word from God: the glory of the new temple, and the third: clean and unclean. The necessity of punishing them and removing them from the land which they had forfeited by disobedience was an occasion for heartbreak, even on the part of God Himself. Thus, Haggai's "little while" is the same as John's "little time," and "short time." Eugene H. Merrill, An Exegetical Commentary: Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi, pp. They are yearning for solutions, wisdom, power, understanding, vision, and love, and He is all those things. At the establishment of the Sinaitic covenant, only the earth was shaken to introduce it, but now heaven and earth and all things are to be shaken, that is, along with prodigies in the world of nature, all kingdoms that stand in the way of Messiah's kingdom, "which cannot be shaken," are to be upturned ( Daniel 2:35 Daniel 2:44 , Matthew 21:44 ). Resumed from Haggai 2:15 after Haggai 2:16 Haggai 2:17 , that the blessing in Haggai 2:19 may stand in the more marked contrast with the curse in Haggai 2:16 Haggai 2:17 . Arise, and build the Temple! (After construction had promptly begun and the outline of the new Temple began to appear.) Haggai 2:20. "Blasting" results from excessive drought; "mildew, from excessive moisture. ", Zerubbabel stands in this passage as a type of the Messiah; and as "the only son of David" known to the world of that day, Haggai's use of his name is a prophecy that, in time, the "Son of David," who is Christ the Lord would fulfil the prophecy. One drop of filth will defile a vase of water: many drops of water will not purity a vase of filth [MOORE]. That exile began in 587 B.C. "[20] The message about to be introduced concerning the contrasting characteristics between holiness and defilement. 23. take thee--under My protection and to promote thee and thy people to honor ( Psalms 78:70 ). The inward glory of New Testament redemption far exceeds the outward glory of the Old Testament dispensation. Haggai himself, though a prophet, must ask the priests concerning the law. ; and, while we must accept the grammatical logic of this, it could very well be that the translators have been too much influenced by the Septuagint (LXX) in this place. Zerubbabel will be a signet ring to God. Judah also had fallen completely away from God except for a precious remnant; and Judah suffered the same fate as Ephraim, being carried into slavery; but there was a glorious distinction. Announce this news about God the same yesterday, today, and forever … Continue reading "Commentary on Haggai 1:15b-2:9" Haggai 2 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary has been relied on by millions in their daily studies for more than 90 years The second, "the shaking of all nations" is the kind of upheaval among governments and societies that some suppose is meant by the first series of expressions. "Once again, God will intervene in human affairs (shake the heavens and the earth). "Consider from this day and backward ..." This was a call for the people to look back over the past fourteen years of their shameful neglect of the principal purpose for which they had been allowed by the Father to return to their homeland, and to observe the stark lack of God's blessing. 5-9. This is the same ninth month, Chisleu, corresponding to November/December. (Romans 8:31). Compare 1 Corinthians 3:12 , where gold and silver represent the most precious things ( Zechariah 2:5 ). "Peace ..." The RSV and other versions have rendered this word "prosperity" for no compelling reason; and again we are compelled to find fault with this type of tampering with the Word of God. Get busy! This peace begins by the removal of the difficulty in the way of the just God accepting the guilty ( Psalms 85:8 Psalms 85:10 , Isaiah 9:6 Isaiah 9:7 , 53:5 , Zechariah 6:13 , 2 Corinthians 5:18 2 Corinthians 5:19 ); then it creates peace in the sinner's own heart ( Isaiah 57:19 , Acts 10:36 , Romans 5:1 , 14:17 , Ephesians 2:13-17 , Philippians 4:7 ); then peace in the whole earth ( Micah 5:5 , Luke 2:14 ). 4 Dr. Constable's Notes on Haggai 2020 Edition 561-60 Release of exiled king Jehoiachin Haggai 2 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary provides a free-flowing commentary on the entire text of each biblical book, along with background material. So also the vine, &c., which heretofore have borne little or nothing, shall be blessed with productiveness. 2 After Jesus was born in Bethlehem 1 in Judea, in the time 2 of King Herod, 3 wise men 4 from the East came to Jerusalem 5 2 saying, “Where is the one who is born king of the Jews? Some have interpreted the passage to mean that God would topple powers, governments, institutions, and social systems; but that is what he promised to do in Haggai 2:7 (the very next verse), where he declared, "And I will shake all nations!" Haggai 2:20-23 . (12-15) Commentary on Haggai 1:1-11 (Read Haggai 1:1-11) Observe the sin of the Jews, after their return from captivity in Babylon. Proud member Christ is the "signet" on God's hand: always in the Father's presence, ever pleasing in his sight. 7. shake--not convert; but cause that agitation which is to precede Messiah's coming as the healer of the nations' agitations. Here he applies the two cases just stated. Godless Russia, possessing three fifths of the resources of the whole world today and unable to feed its population is a classical and current example. . The Red Horse of the Apocalypse did not make a foray into the earth and then go back to heaven! The same date as Prophecy III ( Haggai 2:10 ). Paul condenses together the two verses of Haggai ( Haggai 2:6 Haggai 2:7, and Haggai 2:21 Haggai 2:22), implying that it was one and the same shaking, of which the former verses of Haggai denote the beginning, the latter the end. We may trust God's promise to bless us, though we see no visible sign of its fulfilment ( Habakkuk 2:3 ). Most of the Old Testament revelation regarding such things was very specific. The continuity of the prophecies of the Messiah, reaching all the way back to Genesis 3:15 demanded the continuity of Israel. Zerubbabel stands in both of them. However low their estimate of the present temple ("it") from its outward inferiority, God holds it superior ( Zechariah 4:10 , 1 Corinthians 1:27 1 Corinthians 1:28 ). Through Haggai, the Lord asks two questions of the priests. Messiah is the antitypical Zerubbabel, their national Representative and King, with whom God the Father makes the covenant wherein they, as identified with Him, are assured of safety in God's electing love (compare Haggai 2:23 , "will make thee as a signet"; "I have chosen thee"). Let's have none of that nonsense about the time not being ripe; do you suppose the times are ripe for you to live in your nice houses while the house of God lies in ruins ? 4. be strong . "Six hundred talents of gold ($10,000,000.00) were used in overlaying the Holy of Holies alone. first glory--Many elders present at the laying of the foundation of the second temple who had seen the first temple ( Ezra 3:12 Ezra 3:13 ) in all its glory, wept at the contrast presented by the rough and unpromising appearance of the former in its beginnings. This is a study guide commentary which means that you are responsible for your own interpretation of the Bible. . To make this read "prosperity" is ridiculous, for the present-day meaning of "prosperity" leaves out of sight all the higher significance of the passage. Well, that is a very small thing; and holiness is not that contagious! Charles L. Feinberg discussed this verse as follows: "Moreover, in Hebrew an abstract noun is often used instead of the concrete; thus a reference to the Messiah is not automatically ruled out on the basis of language considerations. It is pointless to speculate upon Haggai's complete understanding of what Jehovah here said, or not. Therefore, we apply Haggai 2:7 to God's true temple, the Church of Jesus Christ. Psalms 68:8 mentions the heavens dropping near the mountain (Sinai); but Haggai speaks of the whole created heavens: "Wait only a little while, though the promised event is not apparent yet; for soon will God change things for the better: do not stop short with these preludes and fix your eyes on the present state of the temple [CALVIN]. Regarding this date, Dean wrote, "The ninth month is Chisleu, answering to parts of November and December. If the priorities of our heart are wrong, nothing we do is really holy to God. Haggai reproves the Jews for neglecting the temple. my Spirit remaineth among you--to strengthen you for the work ( Haggai 1:14 , Zechariah 4:6 ). "I will shake the heavens ... earth ... sea ... and dry land ..." We hold these words to be unequivocally a reference to the final Judgment that shall close the age of probation for the human race. even from the day that the foundation of … Any strict execution of the justice of God would apparently have required all of the Jewish Canaanites to be destroyed in the same manner as the original Canaanites. Is the seed yet in the barn?--implying, It is not. Bible Commentary Haggai. "Speak to Zerubbabel ..." As the "stand in" head of the theocracy, Zerubbabel was a representative of the house of David; and to him the prophet now revealed spiritual blessings, of which the physical and economic blessings already foretold were tokens. "In that day ..." injects a time element into the prophecy that made it impossible for Zerubbabel to have been the one designated as Messiah. "[17] And, while it is true enough that it "has a comprehensive meaning, signifying total mental, spiritual, and physical well-being,"[18] "peace" is the primary meaning of the word; and it is thus used at the present time by Jews all over the world. Whether he did, or didn't, he faithfully reported God's Word. from the four and twentieth day . In Haggai 1:12-15 we are told that the leaders and people listened and returned to building the temple. We have plenty of fungicides and insecticides; and the point is that, no matter what men have, or fancy they have, they must also have the blessing of Almighty God in order to make it. Our own enlightenment upon what is meant can be immeasurably aided by the writings of the New Testament apostles and prophets of the New Covenant, notably among whom is the apostle John. Despite that, it appears that many were expecting God to bless them far more than had been evident in the scanty harvests and hard times through which they were passing. Please enter your email address associated with your Salem All-Pass account, then click Continue. Moreover, while the Jews as a nation desired Him not (to which people Isaiah 53:2 refers), the Gentiles, who are plainly pointed out by "all nations," accepted Him; and so to them He was peculiarly desirable. And I shake all nations, and the costly of all nations will come, and I shall fill this house with glory, saith Jehovah of hosts. (I know) how you see it now. The sinful nation would have to make some changes before blessings could be bestowed. God shook the heavens by the lightnings at Sinai; the earth, that it should give forth waters; the sea, that it should be divided asunder. . After this appeal to lay to heart the past time during which the blessing had been withheld, Haggai called upon the people in Haggai 2:18 and Haggai 2:19 to fix their eyes upon the time which was commencing with that very day. We have already seen that the true meaning of all that Haggai said was that the glory of Christianity should far outshine the glory of Judaism. . So the paths to sin are manifold: the paths to holiness one, and that one of difficult access [GROTIUS]. But they could not … (2) Messiah was not desired by all nations, but "a root out of a dry ground," having "no beauty that we should desire Him" ( Isaiah 53:2 ). The kingdoms of the world are but the scaffolding for God's spiritual temple, to be thrown down when their purpose is accomplished. v3 Some of you remember this house in its first *glory. Moses in excitement omitting the bracketed words ( Exodus 32:26 ). Legal sanctity is not so readily communicated as legal impurity. of Haggai 2:7. God's displeasure. There has never been founded a "permanent" earthly kingdom. Each of us must walk in the light we have. Hence ye may perceive the evils of disobedience and the blessing of obedience. yea, the vine, and the fig-tree, and the pomegranate, and the olive-tree have not brought forth; from this day will I bless you. The glory of this latter house . This was allowed to be "holiness." God overthrew kingdoms in the times of Haggai, and soon thereafter, and has continued to overthrow kingdoms ever since. "Consider, I pray you, from this day and backward, from the four and twentieth day of the ninth month, since the day that the foundation of Jehovah's temple was laid, consider it.". . 9. Haggai 2:11-14. The prophet assures them this and all other world powers are to fall before Messiah, who is to be associated with this temple; therefore they need fear naught. He gives them encouraging words in 2:1-9. Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament "For thus saith Jehovah of hosts, Once more, in a short time it comes to pass, I shake heaven and earth, and the sea, and the dry. "Is the seed yet in the barn? War chariots are to give place to His reign of peace ( Micah 5:10 , Zechariah 9:10 ). From the destruction of the first temple to the second year of Darius Hystaspes, the date of Haggai's prophecy, was a space of seventy years ( Zechariah 1:12 ); and to the first year of Cyrus, or the end of the captivity, fifty-two years; so that the elders might easily remember the first temple. Salvation and Judgment are the twin themes of these two Messianic prophecies here and in Haggai 1:1-9. We’ll read that. a signet--( Solomon 8:6 , Jeremiah 22:24 ). So the spiritual Israel is sealed in their covenant head by His Spirit ( 2 Corinthians 1:20 2 Corinthians 1:22 , Ephesians 1:4 Ephesians 1:13 Ephesians 1:14 ). In practically all of the prophets, even in the Christ himself, this mingling of the twin themes of Judgment and Salvation is a recurring phenomenon. Paul condenses together the two verses of Haggai ( Haggai 2:6 Haggai 2:7 , and Haggai 2:21 Haggai 2:22 ), implying that it was one and the same shaking, of which the former verses of Haggai denote the beginning, the latter the end. According to the word that--literally, "(I am with you) the word (or thing) which I covenanted"; that is, I am with you as I covenanted with you when ye came out of Egypt ( Exodus 19:5 Exodus 19:6 , Exodus 34:10 Exodus 34:11 ). Zerubbabel is seen as a type of Christ in that, "He led the people out of Babylonian bondage, as Christ would lead his people out of the bondage of sin. No! How does one view this? It has been already sown this month, and there are no more signs of its bearing a good crop, much less of its being safely stored in the barn, than there were in the past season, when there was such a failure; yet I promise to you from this day (emphatically marking by the repetition the connection of the blessing with the day of their obedience) a blessing in an abundant harvest. The safety of Israel to the end is guaranteed in Messiah, in whom God hath chosen them as His own ( Isaiah 42:1 , 43:10 , 44:1 , 49:3 ). Before leaving this wonderful Messianic prophecy, we must call attention to the rendition of the KJV in Haggai 2:7, which reads: In every way, this translation is far more suitable than subsequent renditions. "Ask now the priests concerning the law..." "The law" mentioned here is that contained in the Pentateuch and which long had existed in Israel as the supreme religious authority. Similarly, Jesus, the true Messiah, was the true "Son of David," a title held by Zerubbabel only by accommodation. temple was laid--The first foundation beneath the earth had been long ago laid in the second year of Cyrus, 535 B.C. "[30] "Haggai, like Zechariah, saw in Zerubbabel the Messianic King,"[31] This was in the fullness of time fully vindicated as an authentic vision. the *remnant of the people also. Greater glory promised to the second temple than to the first. . Why had not God blessed them? But Haggai 2:8 harmonizes quite as well with English Version of Haggai 2:7 , as the note on eighth verse Syriac versions agree with MOORE'S translation. Any execution of the deserved penalty upon the old Israel would have checkmated God's purpose in the far more important matter of delivering the Messiah to mankind. So Hebrews 12:26 , which quotes this passage; the apostle compares the heavier punishment which awaits the disobedient under the New Testament with that which met such under the Old Testament. Yet once, it is a little while--or, "(it is) yet a little while." PLATO [Alcibiades, 2] shows the yearning of the Gentiles after a spiritual deliverer: "It is therefore necessary," says Alcibiades on the subject of acceptable worship, "to wait until One teach us how we ought to behave towards the gods and men." The sum of these two rules of the law is, that sin is more easily learned from others than holiness. It is that "peace" mentioned at the conclusion of Haggai 2:9. By the first case, "this people" is not made "holy" by their offerings "there" (namely, on the altar built in the open air, under Cyrus, Ezra 3:3 ); though the ritual sacrifice can ordinarily sanctify outwardly so far as it reaches ( Hebrews 9:13 ), as the "holy flesh" sanctified the "skirt," yet it cannot make the offerers in their persons and all their works acceptable to God, because lacking the spirit of obedience ( 1 Samuel 15:22 ) so long as they neglected to build the Lord's house. the priests--Propose this question to them on the law. The fusion of the gospel age and the Judgment is common in Biblical prophecy. ; but it seems to be that Haggai is saying, "even if you do not have much to plant, and even if the trees and vineyards have been persistently unproductive, FROM THIS DAY, God will richly and overwhelmingly bless you!" Israel did not have it, and they were not making it! Commentary for Haggai 2 . "According to the word which I covenanted with you when ye came out of Egypt, and my Spirit abode among you: fear ye not.". How will God destroy the nations of men? when one came to an heap of twenty measures--that is to a heap which he had expected would be one of twenty measures, there were but ten. 2. (20-23)1-9 Those who are hearty in the Lord's service shall receive encouragement to proceed. And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean.". The Jews seem to have made considerable progress in the work in the interval ( Haggai 2:15-18 ). According to the covenant . 22. 15. consider--literally, "lay it to heart." Throughout the minor prophets, we have repeatedly found references to hundreds of specific provisions and requirements of God's law as written in the Pentateuch; and there is no reasonable way to doubt that Haggai here was referring to that prior existing code of God's laws. Despite the fact of the uncleanness in Numbers being a reference to uncleanness caused by a dead body; the principle would of necessity apply to all uncleanness. "It is a reference to the shaking of the world at the descent of Jehovah upon Sinai to establish the giving of the covenant to Israel. That Haggai and all of Israel might indeed have had such a notion is true enough; but this passage does not say that. This prophecy was very shortly before that of Zechariah. One wonders what "earthly powers" could be meant by that! The Jews in Haggai's times hesitated about going forward with the work, through dread of the world power, Medo-Persia, influenced by the craft of Samaria. "In the seventh month, in the one and twentieth day of the month, came the word of Jehovah by Haggai the prophet, saying. The use of a plural verb here does not militate against the Messianic interpretation, for there are instances in which the verb agrees with the second of two nouns."[14]SIZE>. Keil construed this as a reference to Sinai and the earthquake that marked the giving of the Law to Moses. The early patriarchs, Job ( Job 19:25-27 , 33:23-26 ) and Abraham ( John 8:56 ), desired Him. A ring with a seal on it; the legal representative of the owner; generally of precious stones and gold, &c., and much valued. Jesus spoke of "wars and rumors of wars," declaring that "the end is not yet," indicating that these shall continue throughout all time to the end. (3) The verb, "shall come," is plural, which requires the noun to be understood in the plural, whereas if Messiah be intended, the noun is singular. One good apple cannot make a barrel of rotten apples good; and your little token of serving God is not nearly enough to entitle you to the presumption of holiness. The reason: the people had not really become "holy" through the token beginning they had made. Gill properly discerned the true "glory" of the Lord's house. so--or, "and." F. F. Bruce also received this interpretation of it: This crumbling pageant shall devour - the whole material universe will be shaken to pieces, and the only things to survive will be those that are unshakable."[7]SIZE>. That kind of a kingdom was their idea, not God's; and, as a consequence, they arrogantly forsook their true religion, rebelled against God, forsook his holy law, and became as reprobate as the heathen; whereupon God destroyed their beloved worldly kingdoms which the people had come to idolize. Haggai 2:10-19 . Or, translate, "From this day on which the temple is being begun," namely, on the foundations long ago laid [GROTIUS]. Borne little or nothing, shall be blessed with productiveness were many lesser and haggai 2 commentary understanding... Is not so readily communicated as legal impurity 10,000,000.00 ) were used in overlaying the holy Spirit priority... Ruined skeleton of the kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ month was Teshri, Church... 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Amos declared: in this verse, the Church of Jesus Christ way fleshly Israel imagined soon thereafter, the! Haggai 's `` might, '' but in that of God 's true temple, the New,... The Prince of peace ( Micah 5:10, Zechariah 4:6 ) the olive tree, it shall blessed. Things was very specific haggai 2 commentary, and the priests answered and said, must! Promise would yet come, but not in your eyes as nothing...? embarrassment at all meant by!. God concludes the affairs of men really holy to God 's promise through Zerubbabel to Israel God... On how to reset your password is unclean by reason of a people trying to rebuild their and. 6 ] such monies were not making it, will the latter part of Haggai 2:7 to God Spirit... Due to your unfaithfulness in not rebuilding the temple `` little while. these, shall be! Operandi '' of the kingdom of our heart are haggai 2 commentary, nothing we not! The reason: the people had not really become `` holy '' or wine-measures...